Which law governs the conservation of energy in thermodynamic processes?

The First Law of Thermodynamics is fundamental in understanding how energy behaves in thermodynamic processes. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another. This principle embodies the concept of conservation of energy, meaning that the total energy in a closed system remains constant. In practical terms, if energy is added to a system, it can increase the system's internal energy, perform work, or a combination of both.

The First Law of Thermodynamics also establishes a relationship between heat, work, and internal energy, making it essential for analyzing and predicting the behavior of physical systems involving thermal energy. This highlights its importance in various applications, from engines to refrigerators.

The other laws listed, such as Newton's laws, the Law of Conservation of Mass, and the Law of Entropy, pertain to different physical principles and do not address energy conservation in the context of thermodynamics specifically.