Cavitation in a centrifugal pump can result in:

Cavitation in a centrifugal pump occurs when the pressure in the pump drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid, leading to the formation of vapor bubbles. When these bubbles pass into areas of higher pressure within the pump, they collapse violently, causing shock waves that can lead to significant damage.

This phenomenon can result in pitting on the impeller, which is the correct understanding. The implosion of these vapor bubbles creates localized high-pressure shocks that erode the material of the impeller over time, leading to pitting or surface damage. This degradation not only affects the performance of the pump but can also lead to costly repairs and reduced operational reliability.

Understanding cavitation and its effects is crucial for maintenance professionals, as it highlights the importance of monitoring pump operations, ensuring proper inlet conditions, and maintaining the appropriate fluid levels to prevent such damage. The management of pump performance and maintenance practices involves ensuring that the pump operates above the required NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) to avoid the conditions that lead to cavitation.